Introduction to SCADA System | Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System | What is SCADA?
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Introduction of (SCADA) System tutorial. scada stands for super visory control and data acquisition.Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) is a control system architecture that uses computers, networked data communications and graphical user interfaces for high-level process supervisory management, but uses other peripheral devices such as programmable logic controllers and discrete PID controllers. a scada system, at its most basic, is a software system, that is used for controlling, monitoring, and analyzing, an industrial process. these systems used, in basically every industry, process in the world. scada is the, key software element in critical infrastructure control. It is not a specific technology or protocol, but an application, where data is collected from a system, in order to control that system.
So, scada means itself is a software, which is used to control hardware, which could be any thing, like PLCs, drives, servers, and which is also acquiring the data, from this devices. so it is controling, and acquiring.
scada is the one wide area network control systems, for dispersed control assets, that need to work together like, oil and gas pipe line, water distribution system.
a full scale scada system just monitor more stuff, over much greater distances.
History of scada system. scada system, grew , out of the telemetry systems developed for the space programs, at that time, everything was analog, not digital, and with the development of microprocessors, and integrated circuits, microprocessor based digital telemetry systems were developed, it could multiplex data, and provide all the information, and at the same time radio telemetry was being used, for super visory control and data acquisition, and thus the modern scada was born.
Lets, talk about scada architecture, scada is a control system architecture, that uses computers, networked data communications, and graphical user interfaces, for high-level process supervisory management, but uses other peripheral devices, such as programmable logic controllers, and discrete PID controllers, to interface to the process plant or machinery. here, we have a control center, which we can see as a computer system, connected with the ether net port, and here, PLC is also connected with the ether net port . now, this PLC is connected to various field instruments, this could be any, sensors or actuators, which may be analog, or digital. so computer have a scada software, which can interact with this field instruments by this communication networks, and thus computer is connected to various other PLCs, so this is the basic architecture of scada. let's talk more about it. the 2 important elements, involved in modern scada system are, the RTU, and the central station computer.
scada system starts, by communicating within real time with the controllers out in the field, that are running the actual process. typicaly these will be the PLCs or RTUs.
so, scada system will gather information, from these field controllers. scada system also will include at some sort of historian products, so that this real time process information can be tracked over the long term.
It is going to access the data from PLCs, after collecting data, from plc, it present on monitor, it looks like an animation. it is the virtual display.
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Cloud based scada systems use a local edge node device to communicate with the local control system and push data securely to the cloud hosted server.
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